Understanding the adversary’s strategic goals is key to understanding its means and ways to attain them

In December 2025, the team of the Center for Security Studies “CENSS”, in cooperation with the Kosovar Center for Security Studies, completed a study on the influence of the Russian Federation and other external actors on Ukraine and the countries of the Western Balkans. The study was conducted as part of the project “Strengthening Resilience to Russian Hybrid Threats through Regional Cooperation” with the support of Open Society Foundations Western Balkans and Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung Kosovo. We continue to publish individual sections of the analytical report. This publication explores the issue of understanding the enemy’s strategic goals as a basis for analyzing the tools and methods used to achieve them.

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